EMDR研究 第5巻 第1号 2013年5月
Joan Lovett, MD 著, 小林正幸, 布施晶子 訳 ……………… p3
大河原美以 ……………… p12
キーワード: 抵抗,解離,子どものEMDR
EMDR and Treatments for Child’s Dissociation
—“Don’t Come Out My Negative Emotion ! ” VS
“Your Negative Emotion is Very Important Feeling.”—
Mii Okawara*
A 9 year-old boy’s case was presented for discussion under the theme “EMDR For Children:How can We handle Children’s Dissociation or Resistance during interviews?” Through the therapeutic process of this case, the following was shown. Bilateral stimuli easily break the dissociative partition of the child who is adapting oneself by a style of dissociation. As a result, the child shows some reactions that can be regarded as a kind of resistance because it is a threat for the child to be exposed to negative emotion. In this case, the purpose of the treatment for the child is to be able to keep feeling the negative emotion, which means that the child can regulate the negative feelings by feeling safe without using primary dissociation. In order to do so, by supporting the family, to recover the relationship in which the parents can hold the child’s negative emotion and give him/her the feeling of safety becomes essential. The assessment of(the family system)and the ability of parents is very important. The therapist’s reactions to the expression of the child’s negative emotion affect whether the child can feel or not that his/her negative mode(ego state)may exist. Therapists should not be afraid of resistance but, understanding the meaning of resistance, keep watching the whole therapeutic system, and it will lead up to the effective usage of EMDR. Japanese Journal of EMDR Research & Practice, 5 ; 12-17, 2013
Key words:Resistance, Dissociation, EMDR for Children
* Tokyo Gakugei University, Department of Educational Psychology. 4-1-1, Nukuikitamachi, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, 184-8501 Japan.
杉山登志郎 ……………… p18
キーワード:子どもへのEMDR,ASD,自我状態療法,タイムスリップ現象
EMDR for Children : Treatment Procedures of Abused
Children and Developmental Disorders
Toshiro Sugiyama*
The author reported clinical use of EMDR for children in Japan. On prevailing EMDR therapy for trauma, the author referred to effects toward the ego-state therapy for(children with)multiple personality disorder. For children with developmental disorders, the author specifically mentioned EMDR applied to the time slip phenomenon in autism spectrum disorder. The chance EMDR,(which is a brief EMDR therapy for ASD)and several new techniques were also introduced.
Japanese Journal of EMDR Research & Practice, 5 ; 18-23, 2013
Key words:EMDR for children, ASD, ego-state therapy, the time slip phenomenon
* Hamamatsu University School of Medicine. 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu-shi, Shizuoka, 431-3192 Japan.
小野寺滋実 ……………… p24
キーワード: 東日本大震災,子どものこころのケア,R-TEP,ストーリーテリング,EMDR
Mental Support after the Earthquake Disaster:Until Now and from Now
—Focusing on the Work of Miyagi Comprehensive Children’s Center—
Shigemi Onodera*
I introduced the work of the Mental Care Team for Children of Miyagi Prefecture after the Great East Japan Earthquake. The team consisting of multiple kinds of occupations went round the coastal area of Miyagi Prefecture and did individual consultations and gave lectures. Our team received about a hundred new consultations during the first half year. Regression and separation anxiety were the chief complaints in many of the boys and girls. Aggressive attitudes were seen in many of the boys, whereas many girls showed fear and somatization. I reported a case of a 7 year-old girl suffering from PTSD whom I treated by R-TEP and story-telling, and her IES-R scores changed from 74 to 20 in a half year. Also, I introduced the activity of the Sendai Grief Care Society and the Joy Project, and had an outlook over the ideal method of supporting the suffered children.
Japanese Journal of EMDR Research & Practice, 5 ; 24-29, 2013
Key words:the Great East Japan Earthquake, mental care for children, R-TEP, story-telling, EMDR
*Miyagi Comprehensive Children’s Center. 2-1-4 Mitazono, Natori, Miyagi, 981-1217 Japan.
小林正幸 ……………… p30
一つは,この3重の被災を受けた子どもをケアする教師やカウンセラーのためのウェブサイトを立ち上げ,継続することであった。それは,(1)教師やカウンセラーを支える電子メール相談,(2)子どもの心のケアと健康,レジリアンスの理論と構築方法に関する記事,(3)心のヘルスケアに理論と方法に関わって合計1万頁に及ぶ50のウェブサイトのリンク集からなるものである。
もう一つのチームは,「みどりの東北元気キャンプ」と呼ばれるもので,福島で被災した子どもに焦点を当てたキャンプを準備した。本キャンプの目的は,被災した子ども達に心理学的な介入を行い,今回の大災害によるPTSDや学校不適応を未然に防ぐ手法を開発することであった。それは,また,ボランティアたちが子どものメンタルヘルス上の課題を抱えた子どもへの関わり方を学ぶ好機となった。
2011年には2回の夏のキャンプで160名の子どもと100名を超えるボランティアが参加して行われた。2012年3月に行われた40名のフォローアップキャンプでは,睡眠の問題を抱えた10名の子どものうち6名がキャンプの結果,問題が解決していることが示された。2012年には心のケアのためのキャンプを5回行った。EMDR研究,5 ; 30-36, 2013
キーワード:子ども,メンタルヘルス,キャンプ,電子メールコンサルテーション,教師,災害
Psychological Supports for Children after the Great Eastern Japan Earthquake in 2011: Through Consultations for Teachers and School Counselors by Email
and Psychological Aid Camp for Children
Masayuki Kobayashi*
After the earthquake, Tsunami and the explosion of Fukushima nuclear plants on March 11th in 2011, I organized two teams to support teachers and counselors who can work for children’s mental health care.
One team created and maintained a website system for teachers and school counselors who were taking care of the affected children by the triple disasters. The system was consisted of(1)e-mail consulting for teachers and counselors,(2)articles about mental health care, well-being, theories on resiliency and resiliency building methods for children,(3)collection of 50 website links including 10,000 pages for theories and methods of mental health care.
The other team was to prepare a psychological aid camp for children, called “Green Camp for Well-Being”, focused on the mental health care for the affected children in Fukushima. The purpose of this camp was to psychologically intervene in the affected children and to develop some prevention methods for PTSD and school maladaptation in this particular disastrous situation. It was also a good opportunity for volunteers to learn how to deal with children’s mental health issues.
We were able to provide two camps in summer and 160 children and over 100 volunteers in total participated in the camps in 2011. According to the collected follow-up data of 40 children in March, 2012, 6 out of 10 children who had had sleeping problem after the disasters recovered from it as a result of these camps. We conducted 5 psychological aid camps in total in 2012.
Japanese Journal of EMDR Research & Practice, 5 ; 30-36, 2013
Key words:child, mental health, camp, e-mail consultation, teacher, disaster
* Tokyo Gakugei University. 4-1-1, Nukuikitamachi, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, 184-8501 Japan
原田憲明 ……………… p37
適用にあたっては,「発症以後のトラウマ」という観点から,「三分岐のプロトコル」に従い,発症以後のクライエントの吃音に関わる「過去の記憶」・「現在の刺激」・「未来の鋳型」に対し,丁寧にEMDRを行った。その結果,吃音そのものは軽度に残存したものの,クライエントの予期恐怖や吃音後の後悔や反芻,場面回避,否定的な自己評価は明らかな改善を見た。
「発症以後のトラウマ」という観点によって,EMDRの適用対象が大きく広がることが期待される。
EMDR研究,5 ; 37-47, 2013
キーワード: 吃音症,吃音恐怖,発症寄与因としてのトラウマ,発症以後のトラウマ,三分岐のプロトコル
EMDR for Stuttering Phobia
—From the Viewpoint of Post-onset Trauma as Target—
Noriaki Harada*
EMDR was applied to a male client in his 30’s whose main complaint was stuttering. Upon application of EMDR, his stuttering was formulated as stuttering phobia. No pre-onset trauma was found in his history.
From the viewpoint of post-onset trauma, traumatic memories such as past events related to stuttering after onset, current stimuli, and future template were targeted and reprocessed carefully using the three-pronged protocol of EMDR. As the result, although the client’s stuttering remained slightly, his anticipatory anxiety, rumination over stuttering, situational avoidance and negative self-evaluation improved markedly.
By taking the viewpoint of post-onset trauma as target, it is hoped that the range of clinical application of EMDR will be widened Japanese Journal of EMDR Research & Practice, 5 ; 37-47, 2013
Key words:stuttering, stuttering phobia, pre-onset trauma, post-onset trauma, three pronged protocol
* Higa Mental Clinic/Keyaki Counseling Room. 1-305 Takahana-cho, Oomiya-ku, Saitama-shi, Saitama, 330─0803 Japan.